Reinterpreting Modernity in the Context of Multicultural Traditions

Abstract:

This paper utilizes different theories on defining modernity as a universal and western phenomenon. I will argue that the degree of importance in which people view tradition contributes to the way in which they view modernity. There is the underlying assumption that those of tradition cannot be compatible with modernity. By placing an emphasis on tradition, the paper will highlight how theories of modernity can constructively incorporate the Islamic heritage of the feminist movement in Iran. Further, this paper will challenge the definition of modernity through examining the relationship of modernity to social classes. Instead, modernity will be viewed as an apolitical general sentiment, one that is exogenous to the inner processes of politics and hierarchy.

Excerpt:

Islamic Feminism: Can it exist?

There has been much debate between leftist scholars, western feminists, Iranian feminists, and modernist intellectuals that have been as contentious as that centered on “Islamic” feminists. Much of these expatriate intellectuals gain their validity and legitimacy in a fast changing, more technologically advanced modern world, and presumably more democratic and secular sentiment by the criticism of Islamic feminism. Can the activities of reformist men and women – who situate themselves within the broad objectives of the Islamic Republic of Iran and seek the improvement of the status of women – be described as constituting an Islamic feminism? Is Islamic feminism part of a broad reform movement in Iran, or is it an attempt to legitimize the state’s gender policy? Can Islamic feminism be part of a more global, and universal project of modernization?

The aim of this paper is to provide an equilibrium and clarity to the Iranian debate on Islamic feminism and modernity by understanding the definition of feminism in an Islamic context and by emphasizing the need for a more inclusive and cross-cultural understanding of the movement in Iran with the more global movement of feminism and modernity.